IBM scientists have built a quantum processor that users can access through a first-of-a-kind quantum computing platform delivered via the IBM Cloud onto any desktop or mobile device. IBM believes quantum computing is the future of computing and has the potential to solve certain problems that are impossible to solve on today’s supercomputers. IBM’s quantum processors are made up of superconducting qubits, located in a dilution refrigerator at the IBM Research headquarters. Users interact with a quantum processor through the quantum circuit model of computation, applying quantum gates on the qubits using a GUI called the quantum composer, writing quantum assembly language code or through Qiskit.

Users can work with circuits to develop algorithms, save and share experiments, and access quantum computing resources from a single browser. Circuit Composer feature allows to  build more complex quantum circuits than ever before to run on a variety of simulators and IBM Q physical quantum systems. Visualization tools show you changes in the simulated quantum states of the qubits as you compose your circuit. IBM Q Experience now gives the quantum developer community a way to work with Qiskit in the cloud using Jupyter Notebooks directly within a single environment, which help organize experiments and work in one place. Qiskit as an open-source framework to enable an even larger number of ways to program quantum – from circuits to algorithms.

Science and the industry have begun exploring near-term applications where a quantum computer can be used alongside a classical computer to solve specific problems. These quantum computing pioneers will be the first to see the technology’s true potential, and IBM will be there to fully support their efforts. Over the next few years the effects of quantum computing will reach beyond the research lab. The technology will be used extensively by new categories of professionals and developers looking to solve problems considered unsolvable using classical computers.

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The four elements of Qiskit are Terra, Aer, Ignis, Aqua and for experiments on real systems – the 5th element IBM Q Provider

The workflow of using Qiskit consists of three high-level steps:

• Build: design a quantum circuit that represents the problem you are considering.
• Execute: run experiments on different backends (which include both systems and simulators).
• Analyze: calculate summary statistics and visualize the results of experiments.

Terra provides a bedrock for composing quantum programs at the level of circuits and pulses. Terra defines the interfaces for a desirable end-user experience, as well as the efficient handling of layers of optimization, pulse scheduling and backend communication.

Aer provides a high performance simulator framework for quantum circuits using the Qiskit software stack. It contains optimized C++ simulator backends for executing circuits compiled in Terra. Aer also provides tools for constructing highly configurable noise models for performing realistic noisy simulations of the errors that occur during execution on real devices.

Ignis is dedicated to fighting noise and errors and to forging a new path. This includes better characterization of errors, improving gates, and computing in the presence of noise. Ignis provides code for users to easily generate circuits for specific experiments given a minimal set of user input parameters.

Aqua is where algorithms for quantum computers are built. These algorithms can be used to build applications for quantum computing. Aqua is accessible to domain experts in chemistry, optimization, finance and AI, who want to explore the benefits of using quantum computers as accelerators for specific computational tasks.

The primary version of Qiskit uses the Python programming language. Versions for Swift and JavaScript  are also available, though the development for these versions have halted. These are used to create quantum programs based on the OpenQASM representation of quantum circuits.IBM Quantum offers several real quantum computers and high-performance classical computing simulators through its IBM Quantum Experience with Qiskit.

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